Monday, August 31, 2015

Procrastination

Even though I haven't been posting about Lutheran history on this blog near as often as I had originally intended, I still would like to take a break in order to copy out another article which is of interest to me. In order to make it seem slightly less tangential, I'll note that it provides a sort of defense of my lackluster posting habits. Anyway, I hope any theoretical blog readers enjoy the article.

FEW CHARACTERISTICS are more common to human nature than procrastination. Yet it is universally considered a bad thing, demanding excuse or apology. I believe it is time for someone to step forward in defense of productive procrastination. (Actually, I have thought so for a while, but just haven’t gotten around to doing something about it.)

When we face a necessary but unpleasant project—like paying bills or doing paperwork—we set about to find ways to put it off. The key to positive procrastination lies in harnessing, for useful purposes, this creative ability to duck responsibility.

A productive procrastinator puts off a distasteful duty by first working on other things for which there has not been time. For these people, procrastination is a force for social good. It first leads to greater accomplishments in other worthwhile areas, then gives way to a sense of duty that motivates them to finish the unappealing task they worked so hard to avoid.

Positive procrastination broadens our horizons. Without it, I’m convinced, most journalists would be out of a job. Spring cleaning would seldom take place if it were not for the possibility of putting off doing our taxes till the last minute. Houses are vacuumed and cars are waxed because of procrastination. It leads us to better eating. Having something to put off can result in some good “home cooking” that would otherwise be too time-consuming. Procrastination gets us to communicate with one another. Parents, avoiding work, spend time with their families. Letters get written and phone calls get made, continuing or re-establishing relationships.

There are other benefits to productive procrastination. It can lead you to gain better information prior to making a decision. It allows some problems to go away by themselves with the passage of time. Introspection can be painful but extremely useful—so agonizing, in fact, that it can take an even more painful alter-native to lead us to it.

Putting off things gives you a ready-made excuse when someone wants to impose (“I’d love to, Bob, but I really have to…”). Those who procrastinate have the strategic advantage over those who don’t, because they can always outwait them.

So let’s stop denigrating all forms of this nearly universal human trait. Productive procrastination is the answer. It allows us to accomplish more than we could without it. ("The Power of Positive Procrastination", condensed from the Christian Science Monitor, by Gary M. Galles, copyright 1987)

Friday, August 21, 2015

Church Fathers on Abortion

This topic is well outside the intended scope of this blog, but as it is a topic which has come up several times on another blog on which I comment, and as I would like to keep this information somewhat handy (and not least, as this is my blog and I can do with it whatever I please), I have decided to post this collection of quotes from the Church Fathers on the topic of abortion. I have been surprised to discover that some people aren't aware that the Church condemned abortion as murder from the very beginning; these quotes should help demonstrate that this was, in fact, the case. I hope to add to this post as I come across other quotes from early Christians regarding abortion, so this list may end up growing as time goes on. I also plan to add several other similar posts about pedophilia, birth control, homosexuality, and any other topics which may come up during the course of conversation elsewhere on the Internet. With that, the quotes:

Ecclesiastical Quotes:


"You shall not kill the child by obtaining an abortion. Nor, again, shall you destroy him after he is born." —Barnabas, c. 70-130.


"You shall not murder a child by abortion nor kill one who has been born." —Didache, c. 80-140.


"We say that those women who use drugs to bring on abortion commit murder. And we also say they will have to give an account to God for the abortion... We also teach that it is wrong to expose an infant. For those who expose them are guilty of child murder." —Athenagoras, c. 175.


"What cause is there for the exposure of a child? The man who did not desire to beget children had no right to marry at all. He certainly does not have the right to become the murderer of his children, because of licentious indulgence." —Clement of Alexandria, c. 195.


"There are some women who, by drinking medical preparations, extinguish the source of the future man in their very bowels. So they commit murder before they bring forth." —Mark Minucius Felix, c. 200.


"You shall not slay your child by causing abortion, nor kill the baby that is born. For 'everything that is shaped and has received a soul from God, if it is slain, shall be avenged, as being unjustly destroyed" (Ezekiel 21:23, LXX) —Apostolic Constitutions, c. 390.


Note that most of these quotes on abortion also discussed infanticide in the same context. The early Christians did not see a difference between those two acts.

Non-Ecclesial Sources:

(The following quotes are from Abortions in Byzantine Times (325-1453 AD):)



"Similar opinions about abortions were expressed by the Imperial Legislation, that whenever practised, meant destruction of a living being."

"The Imperial Legislation never accepted legal abortions except those performed for medical reasons. Justinian's Digest included experts on early Roman law. The punishments for the women are usually banishment, divorce when the abortion is practised and the husband ignores it, corporal punishments especially for the unmarried.


"Even in the 14th c. collection Hexabiblos, the providers of drugs and herbs for abortion are considered as murderers."


"In conclusion: civil and canon law, as well as the lay opinion in Byzantine times equated abortion with murder and consequently condemned it."


The following quote purports to be from the Code of Justinian, but it is a questionable quote as far as I can determine. I will include it here regardless, but do not take it at face value, as it may be spurious:

"Those who expose children, possibly hoping they would die, and those who use the potions of the abortionist, are subject to the full penalty of the law for murder." —Code of Justinian, 18.51-52